TY - JOUR
T1 - Alpha/Beta Gliadin MM1 Is a Novel Antigen for Wheat-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis
AU - Aoki, Yuji
AU - Yagami, Akiko
AU - Sakai, Tomomi
AU - Ohno, Satoshi
AU - Sato, Nayu
AU - Nakamura, Masashi
AU - Futamura, Kyoko
AU - Suzuki, Kayoko
AU - Horiguchi, Takahiko
AU - Nakata, Seiichi
AU - Matsunaga, Kayoko
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 S. Karger AG, Basel
PY - 2023/10/1
Y1 - 2023/10/1
N2 - Introduction: Screening for ω-5 gliadin specific IgE antibody (sIgE) has high diagnostic utility in cases of suspected wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA); however, negative cases may require confirmatory tests, such as the oral challenge test. Thus, newly identified allergens that can be used for the serological diagnosis of WDEIA are needed. This study aimed to identify additional sIgE biomarkers of WDEIA. Methods: Forty-two patients with WDEIA (5 negative/37 positive for ω-5 gliadin sIgE) were enrolled. For comparison, 8 patients with immediate-type wheat allergy without WDEIA and 20 healthy controls without wheat allergy were also enrolled. Extracted wheat proteins were separated by 2D-PAGE. Proteins that reacted with serum IgE antibody in 2D Western blotting (2D-WB) were identified using mass spectrometry. Recombinant proteins were synthesized in Escherichia coli, and the antigenicity was tested using ELISA and the basophil activation test. Results: In 2D-WB, nine proteins reacted with the serum IgE antibody from at least 60% of patients with WDEIA (n ≥ 25/42). ELISA revealed that alpha/beta gliadin MM1 exhibited the highest positive immunoreactivity in 23 of 26 patients who were positive for ω-5 gliadin sIgE (88%) and in 5 of 5 patients who were negative for ω-5 gliadin sIgE (100%). Alpha/beta gliadin MM1 exhibited significantly higher basophil activation in 14 patients with WDEIA when compared to 5 individuals without a wheat allergy. Conclusions: Alpha/beta gliadin MM1 sIgE exhibited the highest seropositivity, even among patients who were negative for ω-5 gliadin sIgE. The inclusion of alpha/beta gliadin MM1 in allergen-sIgE tests may improve the sensitivity for diagnosing WDEIA.
AB - Introduction: Screening for ω-5 gliadin specific IgE antibody (sIgE) has high diagnostic utility in cases of suspected wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA); however, negative cases may require confirmatory tests, such as the oral challenge test. Thus, newly identified allergens that can be used for the serological diagnosis of WDEIA are needed. This study aimed to identify additional sIgE biomarkers of WDEIA. Methods: Forty-two patients with WDEIA (5 negative/37 positive for ω-5 gliadin sIgE) were enrolled. For comparison, 8 patients with immediate-type wheat allergy without WDEIA and 20 healthy controls without wheat allergy were also enrolled. Extracted wheat proteins were separated by 2D-PAGE. Proteins that reacted with serum IgE antibody in 2D Western blotting (2D-WB) were identified using mass spectrometry. Recombinant proteins were synthesized in Escherichia coli, and the antigenicity was tested using ELISA and the basophil activation test. Results: In 2D-WB, nine proteins reacted with the serum IgE antibody from at least 60% of patients with WDEIA (n ≥ 25/42). ELISA revealed that alpha/beta gliadin MM1 exhibited the highest positive immunoreactivity in 23 of 26 patients who were positive for ω-5 gliadin sIgE (88%) and in 5 of 5 patients who were negative for ω-5 gliadin sIgE (100%). Alpha/beta gliadin MM1 exhibited significantly higher basophil activation in 14 patients with WDEIA when compared to 5 individuals without a wheat allergy. Conclusions: Alpha/beta gliadin MM1 sIgE exhibited the highest seropositivity, even among patients who were negative for ω-5 gliadin sIgE. The inclusion of alpha/beta gliadin MM1 in allergen-sIgE tests may improve the sensitivity for diagnosing WDEIA.
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U2 - 10.1159/000531056
DO - 10.1159/000531056
M3 - Article
C2 - 37473737
AN - SCOPUS:85168673715
SN - 1018-2438
VL - 184
SP - 1022
EP - 1035
JO - International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
JF - International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
IS - 10
ER -