TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations between proteinuria and cardiovascular risk factors among hypertensive patients in Andkhoy, Afghanistan
AU - Hamrah, Mohammad Shoaib
AU - Hamrah, Mohammad Hashem
AU - Ishii, Hideki
AU - Suzuki, Susumu
AU - Hamrah, Mohammad Hussain
AU - Hamrah, Mohammad Hassan
AU - Yisireyili, Maimaiti
AU - Kano, Naoaki
AU - Takeshita, Kyosuke
AU - Sakamoto, Junichi
AU - Murohara, Toyoaki
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Proteinuria in hypertension is an early marker of renal disease and a predictor for the progression of end stage renal disease, and cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of proteinuria and its association with cardiovascular risk factors among adult hypertensive patients in Afghanistan. Five hundred fifty-five patients with a high blood pressure recorded in an outpatient clinic in Andkhoy, Afghanistan from December 2014 to May 2015, were included in this study. Data obtained from each patient, included demographic characteristics, body mass index, blood pressure patterns, cardiovascular history, cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidity, and current drug-therapy. Dipstick screening for proteinuria was performed with reagent test strips. The mean age of the patients was 57.9 ± 13.3 years, and a female predominance was observed (n = 333, 60%). The prevalence of proteinuria was 67.2%. The predictors of proteinuria were found to be age ≥65 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.04), smoking (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.17-3.02), heart failure (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.13-4.41), and diabetes mellitus (OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.49-7.81). In conclusion, this study shows that proteinuria is highly prevalent among hypertensive outpatients in an outpatient clinic in Andkhoy, Afghanistan, especially in those with high cardiovascular risk.
AB - Proteinuria in hypertension is an early marker of renal disease and a predictor for the progression of end stage renal disease, and cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of proteinuria and its association with cardiovascular risk factors among adult hypertensive patients in Afghanistan. Five hundred fifty-five patients with a high blood pressure recorded in an outpatient clinic in Andkhoy, Afghanistan from December 2014 to May 2015, were included in this study. Data obtained from each patient, included demographic characteristics, body mass index, blood pressure patterns, cardiovascular history, cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidity, and current drug-therapy. Dipstick screening for proteinuria was performed with reagent test strips. The mean age of the patients was 57.9 ± 13.3 years, and a female predominance was observed (n = 333, 60%). The prevalence of proteinuria was 67.2%. The predictors of proteinuria were found to be age ≥65 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.04), smoking (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.17-3.02), heart failure (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.13-4.41), and diabetes mellitus (OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.49-7.81). In conclusion, this study shows that proteinuria is highly prevalent among hypertensive outpatients in an outpatient clinic in Andkhoy, Afghanistan, especially in those with high cardiovascular risk.
KW - Afghanistan
KW - Hypertension
KW - Proteinuria
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U2 - 10.18999/nagjms.78.4.377
DO - 10.18999/nagjms.78.4.377
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84998865583
SN - 0027-7622
VL - 78
SP - 377
EP - 385
JO - Nagoya journal of medical science
JF - Nagoya journal of medical science
IS - 4
ER -