Attitudes of patients with IVF/ICSI toward human embryo in vitro culture beyond 14 days

When the International Society for Stem Cell Research revised its 2021 guidelines, it reversed its ban on the in vitro culture of human embryos beyond 14 days. However, despite widespread recognition of the importance of public debate on embryo research, it remains unclear how patients who have undergone in vitro fertilization (IVF) and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) perceive this change in the guidelines. Three focus group interviews were conducted with IVF/ICSI patients to understand their opinions on extending the in vitro culture of human embryos beyond 14 days. Thematic analysis revealed a primarily favorable attitude toward the extension of in vitro embryo culture, identifying six reasons for this positive perspective. However, two reasons for negative attitudes were identified, along with some concerns that need to be addressed. To facilitate an open discussion, the following suggestions were made to the government and scientific community. The government and scientific community should provide sufficient knowledge to IVF/ICSI patients about research before discussions. It's important to consider diverse views on embryo models, including distrust and resistance. Ensuring IVF/ICSI patients' psychological safety is essential. “Public conversations” with citizens, including IVF/ICSI patients, should be promoted, and their opinions should be considered as part of a broader public spectrum.