Characteristics of Extremely Early-Onset Pouchitis after Proctocolectomy with Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with postoperative ulcerative colitis developing extremely early-onset pouchitis within 4 weeks of restoration of gastrointestinal continuity. Material and Methods: This retrospective study involved 225 consecutive patients from January 2000 to May 2011 who underwent ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Extremely early-onset pouchitis was defined as pouchitis developing within 4 weeks of restoration of gastrointestinal continuity. Patients with pouchitis were divided into extremely early-onset pouchitis and non-extremely early-onset pouchitis groups for comparison. Results: Of 212 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 62 had pouchitis (29. 2 %). Eight (3. 8 %) patients developed extremely early-onset pouchitis. There was a significant difference in the dosage of steroid per month just before colectomy between the two groups (P = 0. 039). The modified Pouchitis Disease Activity Index score for patients with extremely early-onset pouchitis was higher than in patients with non-extremely early-onset pouchitis (P = 0. 0009). The occurrence of extremely early-onset pouchitis was associated with the development of chronic pouchitis (P = 0. 0056). Conclusion: Extremely early-onset pouchitis may be related to high steroid dosages before colectomy and may be more severe than pouchitis that occurs >4 weeks after restoration of gastrointestinal continuity.