Clinical study on anorexia in patients with terminal cancer

Objectives: Patients with terminal cancer tend to have an increased frequency of a variety of clinical symptoms, including anorexia, at 1 month of life expectancy. This study examined clinical symptoms affecting anorexia in patients with terminal cancer. Methods: Of 1068 patients with terminal cancer who died and were discharged from our hospital between April 2014 and March 2016, we included 471 patients whose clinical symptoms could be subjectively assessed within 4 weeks before death. Patients were evaluated subjectively on a scale of 0 to 10 (11-point scale) using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) once a week for nine major clinical symptoms: (1) pain, (2) general fatigue, (3) dyspnea, (4) depressed mood, (5) anorexia, (6) insomnia, (7) nausea, (8) constipation, and (9) dry mouth. Primary data within 4 weeks prior to death were used for analysis, and Spearman’s rank correlation was used to examine clinical symptoms affecting anorexia. Results: Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between anorexia and the following clinical symptoms were: pain, 0.186; general fatigue, 0.414; dyspnea, 0.15; depressed mood, 0.287; insomnia, 0.327; nausea, 0.297; constipation, 0.215; and dry mouth, 0.204. General fatigue was positively correlated with anorexia. Conclusions: General fatigue may influence anorexia in patients with terminal cancer.