TY - JOUR
T1 - Constitutive high expression of interleukin-4/13A and GATA-3 in gill and skin of salmonid fishes suggests that these tissues form Th2-skewed immune environments
AU - Takizawa, Fumio
AU - Koppang, Erling Olaf
AU - Ohtani, Maki
AU - Nakanishi, Teruyuki
AU - Hashimoto, Keiichiro
AU - Fischer, Uwe
AU - Dijkstra, Johannes Martinus
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the European Union (Integrated Project “IMAQUANIM”), the Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation , and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). We thank Mr. Karsten Kühn, Institute of Fisheries, State Research Centre Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Born for providing rainbow trout strain “Born” and “Steelhead”, the Nagano Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station for providing clonal rainbow trout C25, and the Solbergstrand Research Station for providing salmon. We thank Dr. Bernd Köllner, FLI, for providing anti trout-IgM antibodies.
PY - 2011/7
Y1 - 2011/7
N2 - Rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon interleukin-4/13A (IL-4/13A) genes were identified. They were found expressed at high level in thymus, gill, and skin, in concert with the transcription factor gene GATA-3. High expression levels of IL-4, IL-13, and GATA-3 were also detected in murine thymus, suggesting similar importance of the fish and mammalian homologues for early T cell development. In mammals, combined high expression of IL-4/13 and GATA-3 in tissues other than thymus is mostly indicative of Th2 responses. Th2-skewage may protect fish skin and gill from parasites and from damage by inflammatory Th1 and Th17 responses. The immune milieus of fish gill and skin are relevant to aquaculture, because these tissues are preferred sites for vaccine administration. The similarities between the immune milieus of fish gill and thymus may reflect an evolutionary relationship, since these tissues map close together lining the gill cavity. Expression patterns of IL-4/13A and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in isolated trout gill cells and pronephrocytes were consistent with Th2 identity of IL-4/13A.
AB - Rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon interleukin-4/13A (IL-4/13A) genes were identified. They were found expressed at high level in thymus, gill, and skin, in concert with the transcription factor gene GATA-3. High expression levels of IL-4, IL-13, and GATA-3 were also detected in murine thymus, suggesting similar importance of the fish and mammalian homologues for early T cell development. In mammals, combined high expression of IL-4/13 and GATA-3 in tissues other than thymus is mostly indicative of Th2 responses. Th2-skewage may protect fish skin and gill from parasites and from damage by inflammatory Th1 and Th17 responses. The immune milieus of fish gill and skin are relevant to aquaculture, because these tissues are preferred sites for vaccine administration. The similarities between the immune milieus of fish gill and thymus may reflect an evolutionary relationship, since these tissues map close together lining the gill cavity. Expression patterns of IL-4/13A and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in isolated trout gill cells and pronephrocytes were consistent with Th2 identity of IL-4/13A.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.02.014
DO - 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.02.014
M3 - Article
C2 - 21489635
AN - SCOPUS:79957874689
SN - 0161-5890
VL - 48
SP - 1360
EP - 1368
JO - Molecular Immunology
JF - Molecular Immunology
IS - 12-13
ER -