TY - JOUR
T1 - Distinct Skin Microbiome and Skin Physiological Functions Between Bedridden Older Patients and Healthy People
T2 - A Single-Center Study in Japan
AU - Nagase, Satoshi
AU - Ogai, Kazuhiro
AU - Urai, Tamae
AU - Shibata, Kana
AU - Matsubara, Emi
AU - Mukai, Kanae
AU - Matsue, Miki
AU - Mori, Yumiko
AU - Aoki, Miku
AU - Arisandi, Defa
AU - Sugama, Junko
AU - Okamoto, Shigefumi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2020 Nagase, Ogai, Urai, Shibata, Matsubara, Mukai, Matsue, Mori, Aoki, Arisandi, Sugama and Okamoto.
PY - 2020/4/8
Y1 - 2020/4/8
N2 - With the increase in the older populations, the number of bedridden older patients is becoming a matter of concern. Skin microbiome and skin physiological functions are known to change according to lifestyle and community; however, such changes in case of movement- and cleaning-restricted bedridden older patients have not yet been revealed. To address this issue, we analyzed skin microbiome and skin physiological functions, including pH, hydration, sebum level, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL), of bedridden older patients, compared with those of ambulatory older and young individuals. For this analysis, we enrolled 19 healthy young and 18 ambulatory older individuals from the community and 31 bedridden older patients from a single, long-term care hospital in Japan. The area of interest was set to the sacral (lower back) skin, where pressure injuries (PIs) and subsequent infection frequently occurs in bedridden older patients. We observed a higher number of gut-related bacteria, fewer commensals, higher skin pH, and lower TEWL on the sacral skin of bedridden older patients than on that of young or ambulatory older individuals. In addition, we observed that 4 of the 31 bedridden older patients developed PIs during the research period; a higher abundance of pathogenic skin bacteria were also observed inside the PI wounds. These findings imply distinct skin microbiome and skin physiological functions in bedridden older patients in comparison with healthy individuals and may suggest the need for more stringent cleaning of the skin of bedridden older patients in light of the closeness of skin and wound microbiome.
AB - With the increase in the older populations, the number of bedridden older patients is becoming a matter of concern. Skin microbiome and skin physiological functions are known to change according to lifestyle and community; however, such changes in case of movement- and cleaning-restricted bedridden older patients have not yet been revealed. To address this issue, we analyzed skin microbiome and skin physiological functions, including pH, hydration, sebum level, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL), of bedridden older patients, compared with those of ambulatory older and young individuals. For this analysis, we enrolled 19 healthy young and 18 ambulatory older individuals from the community and 31 bedridden older patients from a single, long-term care hospital in Japan. The area of interest was set to the sacral (lower back) skin, where pressure injuries (PIs) and subsequent infection frequently occurs in bedridden older patients. We observed a higher number of gut-related bacteria, fewer commensals, higher skin pH, and lower TEWL on the sacral skin of bedridden older patients than on that of young or ambulatory older individuals. In addition, we observed that 4 of the 31 bedridden older patients developed PIs during the research period; a higher abundance of pathogenic skin bacteria were also observed inside the PI wounds. These findings imply distinct skin microbiome and skin physiological functions in bedridden older patients in comparison with healthy individuals and may suggest the need for more stringent cleaning of the skin of bedridden older patients in light of the closeness of skin and wound microbiome.
KW - microbiome
KW - pressure injury
KW - skin
KW - skin physiological function
KW - wound
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85083487824&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85083487824&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fmed.2020.00101
DO - 10.3389/fmed.2020.00101
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85083487824
SN - 2296-858X
VL - 7
JO - Frontiers in Medicine
JF - Frontiers in Medicine
M1 - 101
ER -