Explaining the decline in coronary heart disease mortality rates in Japan: Contributions of changes in risk factors and evidence-based treatments between 1980 and 2012

Soshiro Ogata, Kunihiro Nishimura, Maria Guzman-Castillo, Yoko Sumita, Michikazu Nakai, Yoko M. Nakao, Nobuo Nishi, Teruo Noguchi, Akira Sekikawa, Yoshihiko Saito, Taeko Watanabe, Yasuki Kobayashi, Tomonori Okamura, Hisao Ogawa, Satoshi Yasuda, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Simon Capewell, Martin O'Flaherty

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

31 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: We aimed to quantify contributions of changes in risks and uptake of evidence-based treatment to coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality trends in Japan between 1980 and 2012. Methods: We conducted a modelling study for the general population of Japan aged 35 to 84 years using the validated IMPACT model incorporating data sources like Vital Statistics. The main outcome was difference in the number of observed and expected CHD deaths in 2012. Results: From 1980 to 2012, age-adjusted CHD mortality rates in Japan fell by 61%, resulting in 75,700 fewer CHD deaths in 2012 than if the age and sex-specific mortality rates had remained unchanged. Approximately 56% (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 54–59%) of the CHD mortality decrease, corresponding to 42,300 (40,900–44,700) fewer CHD deaths, was attributable to medical and surgical treatments. Approximately 35% (28–41%) of the mortality fall corresponding to 26,300 (21,200–31,000) fewer CHD deaths, was attributable to risk factor changes in the population, 24% (20–29%) corresponding to 18,400 (15,100–21,900) fewer and 11% (8–14%) corresponding to 8400 (60,500–10,600) fewer from decreased systolic blood pressure (8.87 mm Hg) and smoking prevalence (14.0%). However, increased levels of cholesterol (0.28 mmol/L), body mass index (BMI) (0.68 kg/m2), and diabetes prevalence (1.6%) attenuated the decrease in mortality by 2% (1–3%), 3% (2–3%), and 4% (1–6%), respectively. Conclusions: Japan should continue their control policies for blood pressure and tobacco, and build a strategy to control BMI, diabetes, and cholesterol levels to prevent further CHD deaths.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)183-188
Number of pages6
JournalInternational Journal of Cardiology
Volume291
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 15-09-2019

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Explaining the decline in coronary heart disease mortality rates in Japan: Contributions of changes in risk factors and evidence-based treatments between 1980 and 2012'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this