Abstract
Background: This initiative aims to build a global consensus around core diagnostic criteria for malnutrition in adults in clinical settings. Methods: The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) was convened by several of the major global clinical nutrition societies. Empirical consensus was reached through a series of face-to-face meetings, telephone conferences, and e-mail communications. Results: A 2-step approach for the malnutrition diagnosis was selected, that is, first screening to identify at risk status by the use of any validated screening tool, and second, assessment for diagnosis and grading the severity of malnutrition. The malnutrition criteria for consideration were retrieved from existing approaches for screening and assessment. Potential criteria were subjected to a ballot among GLIM participants that selected 3 phenotypic criteria (non-volitional weight loss, low body mass index, and reduced muscle mass) and 2 etiologic criteria (reduced food intake or assimilation, and inflammation or disease burden). To diagnose malnutrition at least 1 phenotypic criterion and 1 etiologic criterion should be present. Phenotypic metrics for grading severity are proposed. It is recommended that the etiologic criteria be used to guide intervention and anticipated outcomes. The recommended approach supports classification of malnutrition into four etiology-related diagnosis categories. Conclusions: A consensus scheme for diagnosing malnutrition in adults in clinical settings on a global scale is proposed. Next steps are to secure endorsements from leading nutrition professional societies, to identify overlaps with syndromes like cachexia and sarcopenia, and to promote dissemination, validation studies, and feedback. The construct should be re-considered every 3–5 years.
| Language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages | 32-40 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition |
| Volume | 43 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 01-01-2019 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Nutrition and Dietetics
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GLIM Criteria for the Diagnosis of Malnutrition : A Consensus Report From the Global Clinical Nutrition Community. / Jensen, Gordon L.; Cederholm, Tommy; Correia, M. Isabel T.D.; Gonzalez, M. Christina; Fukushima, Ryoji; Higashiguchi, Takashi; de Baptista, Gertrudis Adrianza; Barazzoni, Rocco; Blaauw, Renée; Coats, Andrew J.S.; Crivelli, Adriana; Evans, David C.; Gramlich, Leah; Fuchs-Tarlovsky, Vanessa; Keller, Heather; Llido, Luisito; Malone, Ainsley; Mogensen, Kris M.; Morley, John E.; Muscaritoli, Maurizio; Nyulasi, Ibolya; Pirlich, Matthias; Pisprasert, Veeradej; de van der Schueren, Marian; Siltharm, Soranit; Singer, Pierre; Tappenden, Kelly A.; Velasco, Nicolas; Waitzberg, Dan L.; Yamwong, Preyanuj; Yu, Jianchun; Compher, Charlene; Van Gossum, Andre.
In: Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Vol. 43, No. 1, 01.01.2019, p. 32-40.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - GLIM Criteria for the Diagnosis of Malnutrition
T2 - Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
AU - Jensen, Gordon L.
AU - Cederholm, Tommy
AU - Correia, M. Isabel T.D.
AU - Gonzalez, M. Christina
AU - Fukushima, Ryoji
AU - Higashiguchi, Takashi
AU - de Baptista, Gertrudis Adrianza
AU - Barazzoni, Rocco
AU - Blaauw, Renée
AU - Coats, Andrew J.S.
AU - Crivelli, Adriana
AU - Evans, David C.
AU - Gramlich, Leah
AU - Fuchs-Tarlovsky, Vanessa
AU - Keller, Heather
AU - Llido, Luisito
AU - Malone, Ainsley
AU - Mogensen, Kris M.
AU - Morley, John E.
AU - Muscaritoli, Maurizio
AU - Nyulasi, Ibolya
AU - Pirlich, Matthias
AU - Pisprasert, Veeradej
AU - de van der Schueren, Marian
AU - Siltharm, Soranit
AU - Singer, Pierre
AU - Tappenden, Kelly A.
AU - Velasco, Nicolas
AU - Waitzberg, Dan L.
AU - Yamwong, Preyanuj
AU - Yu, Jianchun
AU - Compher, Charlene
AU - Van Gossum, Andre
PY - 2019/1/1
Y1 - 2019/1/1
N2 - Background: This initiative aims to build a global consensus around core diagnostic criteria for malnutrition in adults in clinical settings. Methods: The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) was convened by several of the major global clinical nutrition societies. Empirical consensus was reached through a series of face-to-face meetings, telephone conferences, and e-mail communications. Results: A 2-step approach for the malnutrition diagnosis was selected, that is, first screening to identify at risk status by the use of any validated screening tool, and second, assessment for diagnosis and grading the severity of malnutrition. The malnutrition criteria for consideration were retrieved from existing approaches for screening and assessment. Potential criteria were subjected to a ballot among GLIM participants that selected 3 phenotypic criteria (non-volitional weight loss, low body mass index, and reduced muscle mass) and 2 etiologic criteria (reduced food intake or assimilation, and inflammation or disease burden). To diagnose malnutrition at least 1 phenotypic criterion and 1 etiologic criterion should be present. Phenotypic metrics for grading severity are proposed. It is recommended that the etiologic criteria be used to guide intervention and anticipated outcomes. The recommended approach supports classification of malnutrition into four etiology-related diagnosis categories. Conclusions: A consensus scheme for diagnosing malnutrition in adults in clinical settings on a global scale is proposed. Next steps are to secure endorsements from leading nutrition professional societies, to identify overlaps with syndromes like cachexia and sarcopenia, and to promote dissemination, validation studies, and feedback. The construct should be re-considered every 3–5 years.
AB - Background: This initiative aims to build a global consensus around core diagnostic criteria for malnutrition in adults in clinical settings. Methods: The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) was convened by several of the major global clinical nutrition societies. Empirical consensus was reached through a series of face-to-face meetings, telephone conferences, and e-mail communications. Results: A 2-step approach for the malnutrition diagnosis was selected, that is, first screening to identify at risk status by the use of any validated screening tool, and second, assessment for diagnosis and grading the severity of malnutrition. The malnutrition criteria for consideration were retrieved from existing approaches for screening and assessment. Potential criteria were subjected to a ballot among GLIM participants that selected 3 phenotypic criteria (non-volitional weight loss, low body mass index, and reduced muscle mass) and 2 etiologic criteria (reduced food intake or assimilation, and inflammation or disease burden). To diagnose malnutrition at least 1 phenotypic criterion and 1 etiologic criterion should be present. Phenotypic metrics for grading severity are proposed. It is recommended that the etiologic criteria be used to guide intervention and anticipated outcomes. The recommended approach supports classification of malnutrition into four etiology-related diagnosis categories. Conclusions: A consensus scheme for diagnosing malnutrition in adults in clinical settings on a global scale is proposed. Next steps are to secure endorsements from leading nutrition professional societies, to identify overlaps with syndromes like cachexia and sarcopenia, and to promote dissemination, validation studies, and feedback. The construct should be re-considered every 3–5 years.
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U2 - 10.1002/jpen.1440
DO - 10.1002/jpen.1440
M3 - Article
VL - 43
SP - 32
EP - 40
JO - Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
JF - Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
SN - 0148-6071
IS - 1
ER -