Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor-containing medium treatment after thawing improves blastocyst-transfer outcomes in the frozen- thawed blastocyst-transfer cycle

Miki Okabe-Kinoshita, Tatsuya Kobayashi, Masashi Shioya, Tomoharu Sugiura, Maki Fujita, Keiichi Takahashi

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Purpose: To determine whether granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-containing medium could improve embryo-transfer outcomes in frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer. Methods: Patients who underwent frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer (430 women, aged 30–39 years, 566 cycles) were analyzed. Frozen-thawed blastocysts were cultured in GM-CSF-containing medium or control medium for 3–5 h, followed by transfer to the uterus. The embryo-transfer outcomes in the two groups were measured and compared, and a propensity score matching (1:1) method was used to balance the differences in baseline characteristics. We analyzed 213 matched samples. Results: In patients who underwent frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer with GM-CSF, the percentage of human chorionic gonadotropin-positive cases, biochemical pregnancies, clinical pregnancies, ongoing pregnancies, and live birth rates was 60.6%, 7.98%, 52.6%, 42.9%, and 40.9%, respectively, as compared with 45.1%, 3.29%, 41.8%, 31.1%, and 30.5%, respectively, for the control groups. The rates of human chorionic gonadotropin positivity (odds ratio [OR]: 1.87, 95% confidence interval: [CI]: 1.27–2.75), biochemical pregnancy (2.55, 1.04–6.29), clinical pregnancy (1.54, 1.05–2.27), ongoing pregnancy (1.64, 1.13–2.41), and live birth (1.67, 1.14–2.45) were significantly higher in the GM-CSF group than the control group. The incidence of pregnancy loss (22.3% vs. 27.0%) did not significantly differ between the groups. Conclusion: The use of a GM-CSF-containing medium for blastocyst-recovery culture improved the live birth rate as a result of increased implantation rate in the frozen-thawed blastocyst-transfer cycle. The use of GM-CSF-containing medium following blastocyst thawing could be an effective choice for improving the blastocyst-transfer outcomes.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1373-1381
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics
Volume39
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 06-2022
Externally publishedYes

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Obstetrics and Gynaecology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics(clinical)

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