Gravity magnetic resonance imaging measurement of muscle pump change accompanied by aging and posture

Aim: To date no age-comparative study has been reported about effect of exercise on muscle pump action change, while its effect is suggested to differ in ages. This study aims to clarify the changes in muscle pump action with aging by measuring the muscle and vein area, and blood flow in lower legs. Methods: Subjects were healthy volunteers and consisted of three groups: young age group (N = 20), middle age group (N = 20) and old age group (N = 16). The lower leg flexor muscle area and popliteal vein area were measured by using T1-weighed magnetic resonance imaging at the condition pre- and post-ankle exercise in three positions. Moreover, popliteal blood flow velocity was also measured using phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging. Results: The elderly had the highest number of individuals who had exercise habits (p <.001). In a multiple linear regression analysis, sitting posture, leg muscle volume, and rate of change in the soleus muscle were significantly related to blood flow velocity change. Conclusions: No difference was found in the changes in muscle pump action with age. The study results suggested that elderly people with exercise habits might be able to maintain the muscle pump action.