TY - JOUR
T1 - Hypertension and Low Body Weight Are Associated with Depressive Symptoms Only in Females
T2 - Findings from the Shika Study
AU - Yanagisawa, Toru
AU - Suzuki, Fumihiko
AU - Tsujiguchi, Hiromasa
AU - Hara, Akinori
AU - Miyagi, Sakae
AU - Kannon, Takayuki
AU - Suzuki, Keita
AU - Shimizu, Yukari
AU - Nguyen, Thao Thi Thu
AU - Oku, Fumika
AU - Sato, Kuniko
AU - Nakamura, Masaharu
AU - Hayashi, Koichiro
AU - Shibata, Aki
AU - Konoshita, Tadashi
AU - Kambayashi, Yasuhiro
AU - Tsuboi, Hirohito
AU - Tajima, Atsushi
AU - Nakamura, Hiroyuki
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - Although the relationship between hypertension and depression is influenced by several physiological factors, including body weight and other lifestyle factors, such as eating behavior, the specific involvement of depression in hypertension remains unclear. Therefore, this epidemiological study examined the role of body weight in the relationship between hypertension and depressive symptoms among the middle-aged and elderly living in the community of Shika town. In total, 1141 males and 1142 females with mean ages of 69.09 and 70.61 years, respectively, participated this study. Physiological factors, including blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and lifestyle, were investigated in a medical check-up in Shika town. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (GDS-15). A two-way analysis of covariance exhibited a significant interaction between the two hypertensive groups and body size groups on GDS in females. The post hoc Bonferroni method showed that in the hypertensive groups, GDS was significantly higher in the underweight group (BMI < 18.5) than in the standard/overweight group; however, this relationship was not observed in the no-hypertensive groups. Multiple regression analysis also verified this relationship. Therefore, it is suggested that the combination of hypertension and being underweight is associated with depressive symptoms only in females.
AB - Although the relationship between hypertension and depression is influenced by several physiological factors, including body weight and other lifestyle factors, such as eating behavior, the specific involvement of depression in hypertension remains unclear. Therefore, this epidemiological study examined the role of body weight in the relationship between hypertension and depressive symptoms among the middle-aged and elderly living in the community of Shika town. In total, 1141 males and 1142 females with mean ages of 69.09 and 70.61 years, respectively, participated this study. Physiological factors, including blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and lifestyle, were investigated in a medical check-up in Shika town. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (GDS-15). A two-way analysis of covariance exhibited a significant interaction between the two hypertensive groups and body size groups on GDS in females. The post hoc Bonferroni method showed that in the hypertensive groups, GDS was significantly higher in the underweight group (BMI < 18.5) than in the standard/overweight group; however, this relationship was not observed in the no-hypertensive groups. Multiple regression analysis also verified this relationship. Therefore, it is suggested that the combination of hypertension and being underweight is associated with depressive symptoms only in females.
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U2 - 10.3390/bs12110413
DO - 10.3390/bs12110413
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85141807128
SN - 2076-328X
VL - 12
JO - Behavioral Sciences
JF - Behavioral Sciences
IS - 11
M1 - 413
ER -