Immunocytochemical features of lens after cataract tissue - Signalling molecules (growth factors, cytokines, other signalling molecules), cytoskeleton proteins, cellular and extracellular matrix proteins

We examined the immunocytochemical features of after cataract tissue and cataractous lens epithelium prior to cataract surgery and at the time of surgery. Methods: This study included 23 cases. Antibodies against the following antigens were used: epidermal growth factor (EGF), EGF receptor (EGF-R), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), FGF receptor (FGF-R), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, TGF-β receptor II (TGF-β-RII), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)II, platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 receptor II, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, tissue plasminogen activator (TPA), prostaglandin (PG) E₂, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), keratin, vimentin, myosin, fibronectin, laminin, types I, II, III, IV, V and VI collagen (Col), and lens epithelial cells (LECs). Results: The following substances were present in posterior and anterior capsular fibrosis of after cataract: EGF, EGF-R, FGF, FGF-R, TGF-β, TGF-β-RII, IGF-II, PDGF-AB, IL-6, IL-1RII, TNF-α, PGE₂, PAI-1, α-SMA, keratin, fibronectin, laminin, Type I col, Type II to VI col and LECs. Elschnig's pearls of after cataract expressed FGF-R, TNF-α, laminin, and LECs. Soemmering's ring of after cataract tissue expressed EGF, FGF, FGF-R, IL-1RII, TPA, PA1-1, keratin and LECs. The following substances were present in cataractous lens epithelium prior to cataract surgery: EGF, EGF-R, FGF, FGF-R, TGF-β-RII, IL-1-RII, TNF-α, PAI-1, keratin, laminin and LECs. The following substances were present in the lens epithelium of anterior capsules collected at the time of cataract surgery: EGF, EGF-R, FGF, FGF-R, TGF-β, TGF-β-RII, IGF-II, IL-6, IL-1-RII, TNF-α, PGE₂, keratin, fibronectin, laminin, Type IV Col and LECs. Conclusions: These results prove that many kinds of signalling molecules and proteins exist in the process of after cataract formation.