TY - JOUR
T1 - Isolation and genotyping of potentially pathogenic Acanthamoeba and Naegleria species from tap-water sources in Osaka, Japan
AU - Edagawa, Akiko
AU - Kimura, Akio
AU - Kawabuchi-Kurata, Takako
AU - Kusuhara, Yasuhiro
AU - Karanis, Panagiotis
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments We thank Mr. H. Doi and Ms. T. Hizuka for technical assistance. We are grateful to Dr. T. Endo of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan for providing the DNA of N. lovaniensis. We are also grateful to Mr. B. Sheridan and Dr. G. Harris of DMC Corporation for their review of the manuscript during its preparation. This work was supported in part by grants to A. E from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan.
PY - 2009/10
Y1 - 2009/10
N2 - Here, we carried out a survey to determine the prevalence of free-living amoebae (FLA) in tap-water sources from rivers and water treatment plants located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. A total of 374 raw water samples were collected from 113 sampling points. The samples were filtrated and transferred to non-nutrient agar plates seeded with a heat-killed suspension of Escherichia coli and incubated for 2 to 7 days at 30°C or 42°C. The plates were examined by microscopy to morphologically identify FLA families, and polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis were then performed to define the species of the detected Naegleria and Acanthamoeba isolates. A total of 257 of 374 samples (68.7%) were positive for FLA by microscopy, and among these there were 800 FLA isolates, including Acanthamoeba and Naegleria species. Sequence analysis identified five Acanthamoeba spp. isolates of the known pathogenic T4 genotype and 43 Naegleria australiensis isolates, a reported pathogen to mice and also of concern as a potential pathogen to humans. Our results suggest a wide distribution of FLA, including potential pathogenic species, in tap-water sources of western Japan.
AB - Here, we carried out a survey to determine the prevalence of free-living amoebae (FLA) in tap-water sources from rivers and water treatment plants located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. A total of 374 raw water samples were collected from 113 sampling points. The samples were filtrated and transferred to non-nutrient agar plates seeded with a heat-killed suspension of Escherichia coli and incubated for 2 to 7 days at 30°C or 42°C. The plates were examined by microscopy to morphologically identify FLA families, and polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis were then performed to define the species of the detected Naegleria and Acanthamoeba isolates. A total of 257 of 374 samples (68.7%) were positive for FLA by microscopy, and among these there were 800 FLA isolates, including Acanthamoeba and Naegleria species. Sequence analysis identified five Acanthamoeba spp. isolates of the known pathogenic T4 genotype and 43 Naegleria australiensis isolates, a reported pathogen to mice and also of concern as a potential pathogen to humans. Our results suggest a wide distribution of FLA, including potential pathogenic species, in tap-water sources of western Japan.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=69249211011&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=69249211011&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00436-009-1528-4
DO - 10.1007/s00436-009-1528-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 19565268
AN - SCOPUS:69249211011
SN - 0932-0113
VL - 105
SP - 1109
EP - 1117
JO - Parasitology Research
JF - Parasitology Research
IS - 4
ER -
