Molecular characterization of L-amino acid oxidase from Agkistrodon halys blomhoffii with special reference to platelet aggregation

Hideo Takatsuka, Yoshihiko Sakurai, Akira Yoshioka, Tetsuro Kokubo, Yoshiko Usami, Masami Suzuki, Taei Matsui, Koiti Titani, Hideo Yagi, Masanori Matsumoto, Yoshihiro Fujimura

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71 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

L-Amino acid oxidase (LAO, EC 1.4.3.2) is widely distributed in snake venom, and induces apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells, causing prolonged bleeding from vessel walls at bite sites. The effect of snake venom LAOs on platelet function is controversial. Further, we have little information on their structural characterization. We purified M (mamushi)-LAO, a single-chain glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 60 kDa and a pI of 4.9, from Agkistrodon halys blomhoffii (Japanese mamushi) venom, and determined the N-terminal and several internal amino acid sequences of this enzyme. Molecular cloning based on these data was conducted to elucidate its full-length cDNA structure (2192 nucleotides), which includes a putative 18 amino acid residue signal peptide and a 504 residue mature subunit. The predicted M-LAO translation product shares 87.3% identity with that of Crotalus adamanteus (Southeastern diamondback rattlesnake) LAO. M-LAO, up to a final concentration of 2.6 μM, inhibited both agonist- and shear stress-induced platelet aggregation (SIPA) dose-dependently. In agonist-induced platelet aggregation, M-LAO predominantly inhibited the second aggregation, but with a marginal inhibition of the first. In SIPA, the inhibition was more dramatic under low-shear stress than high-shear stress, and was enhanced by the presence of l-leucine, a substrate of this enzyme. Catalase, a H2O2 scavenger, totally quenched such enhancement. These results suggest that M-LAO inhibits the interaction between activated platelet integrin αIIb/β3 and fibrinogen through the continuous generation of H2O2, and may contribute to prolonged bleeding from the vessels at snake bite sites.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)267-277
Number of pages11
JournalBiochimica et Biophysica Acta - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology
Volume1544
Issue number1-2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 12-01-2001

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Biophysics
  • Structural Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

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