Molecular mechanism of cholinergic dysfunction and cognitive deficits induced by amyloid β-peptide

Amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) plays a critical role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Much progress has been made in understanding this age-related neurodegenerative disorder; thus an insight into the cellular actions of Aβ and resulting functional consequences may contribute to preventive and therapeutic approaches for AD. In this review, recent evidence of Aβ-induced brain dysfunction, especially cholinergic impairment and memory deficits, is summarized. Moreover, proposed mechanisms for Aβ-induced neurotoxicity such as oxidative stress, ion-channel formation, and Aβ-receptor interaction are discussed.