Predictive factors of surgical outcomes in vitrectomy for myopic traction maculopathy

Purpose: To assess predictive factors and surgical outcomes for myopic traction maculopathy. Methods: This retrospective observational case study enrolled 73 patients who underwent vitrectomy for myopic traction maculopathy. The 79 eyes obtained from our study sample were divided into 4 types: Retinoschisis, lamellar macular hole (lamellar MH), foveal retinal detachment (FRD), and FRD + lamellar MH, or into 2 types according to the presence of FRD preoperatively. Dependent variables of interest were age, sex, pre- and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 6 months, and axial length. Results: All the four types showed moderately strong-to-strong positive correlations with pre- and postoperative BCVA (retinochisisi: R = 0.61; lamellar MH: R = 0.62; FRD: R = 0.51; FRD + lamellar MH; r = 0.83). Preoperative BCVA was associated with postoperative BCVA (P , 0.0001), but age, axial length, and the types of preoperative foveal status were not. Eyes with FRD had significantly worse pre- and postoperative BCVA than eyes without FRD (P = 0.036 and P = 0.046, respectively). Postoperative full-thickness macular holes developed in 5.1% of cases and in all types but retinoschisis. Conclusion: Preoperative visual acuity and the presence of FRD should be considered for surgical indication of myopic traction maculopathy.