Prognosis of patients with interstitial lung disease induced by different pharmacological types of anticancer drugs

Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DILD) on treatment outcomes by comparing the mortality of patients with DILD induced by different pharmacological types of anticancer drugs. Patients and Methods: Japanese patients with lung cancer who had received chemotherapy at Fujita Health University Hospital were enrolled. The primary outcome was the short-Term mortality rate from the administration of chemotherapy that might have caused DILD. Results: Eleven, 16, and 20 patients with DILD were assigned to the kinase inhibitor (KI), immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), and cytotoxic anticancer drug groups, respectively. The 90-day mortality rate after the DILD event in the group treated with cytotoxic anticancer drugs was significantly higher than in the KI and ICI groups. Conclusion: Patients with DILD induced by cytotoxic anticancer drugs have poorer prognoses than those with DILD induced by KIs or ICIs.