Salivary gland polymorphous adenocarcinoma: Clinicopathological features and gene alterations in 36 Japanese patients

Masahiro Fukumura, Kenichiro Ishibashi, Masato Nakaguro, Toshitaka Nagao, Kosuke Saida, Makoto Urano, Maki Tanigawa, Hideaki Hirai, Takahiro Yagyuu, Kentaro Kikuchi, Naomi Yada, Yoshihiko Sugita, Megumi Miyabe, Shogo Hasegawa, Mitsuo Goto, Hidetaka Yamamoto, Tomoyuki Ohuchi, Kimihide Kusafuka, Ikuko Ogawa, Hiroaki SuzukiKenji Notohara, Masayuki Shimoda, Yuichiro Tada, Tadaaki Kirita, Takashi Takata, Shojiroh Morinaga, Hatsuhiko Maeda, Saman Warnakulasuriya, Satoru Miyabe, Toru Nagao

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5 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Polymorphous adenocarcinoma is a common intraoral minor salivary gland carcinoma in Western countries but is extremely rare in Japan. The current study aimed to characterize the clinicopathological features and status of molecular alterations of polymorphous adenocarcinoma-associated genes, such as PRKD1/2/3, ARID1A, and DDX3X, in a large cohort of Japanese patients with polymorphous adenocarcinoma. Methods: We examined the cases of 36 Japanese patients with salivary gland polymorphous adenocarcinoma and 26 cases involving histopathological mimics. To detect gene splits, fluorescence in situ hybridization was carried out for polymorphous adenocarcinoma-associated genes. Additionally, we applied a SNaPshot multiplex assay to identify PRKD1 hotspot mutations. Results: This study revealed the indolent clinical course of polymorphous adenocarcinoma with a high 10-year overall survival rate (92.9%), accompanied by occasional local recurrences and cervical lymph node metastasis (23.3%). Twenty cases (55.6%) of polymorphous adenocarcinoma (but none of the mimics) exhibited alterations in at least one polymorphous adenocarcinoma-associated gene. Rearrangement of polymorphous adenocarcinoma-associated genes and PRKD1 E710D were identified in 17 (47.2%) and 4 (11.1%) cases, respectively; one case showed coexisting PRKD3 split and PRKD1 E710D. In the multivariate analysis, high clinical stage (p = 0.0005), the presence of prominent nucleoli (p = 0.0003), and ARID1A split positivity (p = 0.004) were independent risk factors for disease-free survival. Conclusion: Japanese patients with polymorphous adenocarcinoma showed clinicopathological features similar to those reported in Western countries. This study disclosed that polymorphous adenocarcinoma-associated genetic alterations were common and specific findings in polymorphous adenocarcinomas. The diagnostic role and possible prognostic significance of polymorphous adenocarcinoma-associated genetic alterations in polymorphous adenocarcinomas were suggested.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)710-720
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of Oral Pathology and Medicine
Volume51
Issue number8
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 09-2022

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Pathology and Forensic Medicine
  • Oral Surgery
  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Cancer Research
  • Periodontics

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