TY - JOUR
T1 - Soluble CXCL16 in preoperative serum is a novel prognostic marker and predicts recurrence of liver metastases in colorectal cancer patients
AU - Matsushita, Kohei
AU - Toiyama, Yuji
AU - Tanaka, Koji
AU - Saigusa, Susumu
AU - Hiro, Junichiro
AU - Uchida, Keiichi
AU - Inoue, Yasuhiro
AU - Kusunoki, Masato
PY - 2012/7
Y1 - 2012/7
N2 - Purpose: This study was designed to identify novel and reliable serum prognostic markers in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Based on cytokine array analysis, we identified soluble CXCL16 as a novel prognostic serum marker. Serum levels of CXCL16 were assessed in 314 CRC patients and 20 normal volunteers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and their relationships with clinicopathologic findings, including survival, were investigated. Proliferation, invasion, and wound healing assays were used to investigate the biological role of soluble CXCL16 in CRC cells, by exposure of HT-29 cells to recombinant CXCL16. Results: The median serum CXCL16 concentration in CRC patients was significantly higher than that in normal volunteers. In addition, serum CXCL16 levels increased significantly in accordance with the progression of UICC stage classification. Elevated serum CXCL16 level was significantly associated with poor survival and was an independent prognostic marker in CRC patients. Furthermore, in stage I-III CRC patients who underwent curative intent surgery, elevated serum CXCL16 levels were significantly associated with metachronous liver recurrence and poor survival. Recombinant soluble CXCL16 promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype characterized by impaired E-cadherin production and induction of vimentin in vitro. In addition, recombinant soluble CXCL16 promoted cell growth, migration, and invasion in a CRC cell line. Conclusions: In this study, we identified CXCL16 as a novel prognostic marker. Preoperative high serum levels of CXCL16 were associated with metachronous liver recurrence and poor prognosis in CRC patients. Soluble CXCL16 may play an important role in liver metastases through the induction of EMT.
AB - Purpose: This study was designed to identify novel and reliable serum prognostic markers in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Based on cytokine array analysis, we identified soluble CXCL16 as a novel prognostic serum marker. Serum levels of CXCL16 were assessed in 314 CRC patients and 20 normal volunteers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and their relationships with clinicopathologic findings, including survival, were investigated. Proliferation, invasion, and wound healing assays were used to investigate the biological role of soluble CXCL16 in CRC cells, by exposure of HT-29 cells to recombinant CXCL16. Results: The median serum CXCL16 concentration in CRC patients was significantly higher than that in normal volunteers. In addition, serum CXCL16 levels increased significantly in accordance with the progression of UICC stage classification. Elevated serum CXCL16 level was significantly associated with poor survival and was an independent prognostic marker in CRC patients. Furthermore, in stage I-III CRC patients who underwent curative intent surgery, elevated serum CXCL16 levels were significantly associated with metachronous liver recurrence and poor survival. Recombinant soluble CXCL16 promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype characterized by impaired E-cadherin production and induction of vimentin in vitro. In addition, recombinant soluble CXCL16 promoted cell growth, migration, and invasion in a CRC cell line. Conclusions: In this study, we identified CXCL16 as a novel prognostic marker. Preoperative high serum levels of CXCL16 were associated with metachronous liver recurrence and poor prognosis in CRC patients. Soluble CXCL16 may play an important role in liver metastases through the induction of EMT.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84864982947&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84864982947&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1245/s10434-011-1993-8
DO - 10.1245/s10434-011-1993-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 21845497
AN - SCOPUS:84864982947
SN - 1068-9265
VL - 19
SP - S518-S527
JO - Annals of Surgical Oncology
JF - Annals of Surgical Oncology
IS - SUPPL. 3
ER -
