Technique of common bile duct and intrahepatic stone treatment with percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy

We explaine herein a technique for biliary tract stone treatment using Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangioscopy (PTCS). PTCS is a useful non-surgical approach for common bile duct and intrahepatic stones. PTCS can be indicated in those cases where treatment with ERCP would be difficult. The scope of PTCS comprises adaptation, the insertion and expansion of Percutaneous Transhepatic Hepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD), the stone removal, observation by PTCS after the stone removal, the prevention and assessment of the complications. Also, PTBD is important when performing PTCS, and PTBD must be performed safely. We can treat biliary tract stones and the other biliary tract diseases with ERCP and PTCS.