TY - JOUR
T1 - The relationship between acoustic startle response measures and cognitive functions in Japanese patients with schizophrenia
AU - Kishi, Taro
AU - Fukuo, Yasuhisa
AU - Okochi, Tomo
AU - Kawashima, Kunihiro
AU - Moriwaki, Masatsugu
AU - Furukawa, Osamu
AU - Fujita, Kiyoshi
AU - Musso, Giovanna M.
AU - Correll, Christoph U.
AU - Kane, John M.
AU - Iwata, Nakao
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments We thank, Mr. S. Maeda, Ms. E. Nakamura, Ms. M. Tojo, Ms. Y Matsumoto, Ms. M. Tani, Ms. S. Isogai, Ms. M. Niwa, and Ms. Y. Kato for their technical support. Dr. Kishi is a postdoctoral fellow for research abroad and is additionally supported by the Japan Research Foundation for Clinical Pharmacology and the Ministry of Education. This work was supported in part by research grants from the Smoking Research Foundation, Japan Research Foundation for Clinical Pharmacology, and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, and the Japan Health Sciences Foundation (Research on Health Sciences focusing on Drug Innovation).
Funding Information:
Conflict of interest Dr. Correll has been a consultant and/or advisor to or has received honoraria from Actelion, Alexza; American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, AstraZeneca, Biotis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cephalon, Desitin, Eli Lilly, Gerson Lehrman Group, GSK, IntraCellular Therapies, Lundbeck, Medavante, Med-scape, Merck, Novartis, Ortho-McNeill/Janssen/J&J, Otsuka, Pfizer, ProPhase, Sunovion, Teva and Takeda. He has received grant support from BMS, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Janssen/J&J, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Alliance for Research in Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD), and Otsuka. Dr. Kane has been a consultant and/or advisor to or has received honoraria from Alkermes, Amgen, Astra-Zeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cephalon, Eli Lilly, Esai, Intracellular Therapies, Janssen, Johnson and Johnson, Lundbeck, Merck, Novartis, Otsuka, Pfizer, Pierre Fabre, Proteus, Roche, Sunovion, Targacept. He is a shareholder of MedAvante and has received grant support from the NIMH.
PY - 2012/6
Y1 - 2012/6
N2 - Recently, schizophrenia endophenotypes have been actively investigated to better understand the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Past studies have shown that cognitive functions, including working memory and executive function, correlate with acoustic startle responses, such as prepulse inhibition (PPI), in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive functions and acoustic startle response in Japanese patients with schizophrenia. In 100 patients with schizophrenia, we evaluated cognitive function, using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Japanese-language version (BACS-J), and acoustic startle responses, including acoustic startle reflex, habituation, and PPI (three different intensities: 82, 86, and 90 dB SPL, equivalent to signal-to-noise ratios of +12, +16, and +20 dB, respectively). Using multiple regression analysis, we examined the relationship between acoustic startle responses and BACS-J primary measures or composite score. Level of attention was associated with magnitude of habituation in schizophrenia (P = 0.0009, β = -0.357). None of the other domains of cognitive function were significantly associated with any measure of acoustic startle response. This included attention regarding ASR (P = 0.513), PPI (P = 0.521-0.842), verbal memory (P = 0.423-0.981), working memory (P = 0.312-0.966), motor speed (P = 0.323-0.955), verbal fluency (P = 0.125-0.920), executive function (P = 0.118-0.470), and the BACS-J composite score (P = 0.230-0.912). In this first investigation of the relationship between cognitive functions and acoustic startle responses in Japanese patients with schizophrenia, attentional deficits correlated highly with the level of habituation. However, a replication study using other population samples is required to further investigate this relationship.
AB - Recently, schizophrenia endophenotypes have been actively investigated to better understand the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Past studies have shown that cognitive functions, including working memory and executive function, correlate with acoustic startle responses, such as prepulse inhibition (PPI), in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive functions and acoustic startle response in Japanese patients with schizophrenia. In 100 patients with schizophrenia, we evaluated cognitive function, using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Japanese-language version (BACS-J), and acoustic startle responses, including acoustic startle reflex, habituation, and PPI (three different intensities: 82, 86, and 90 dB SPL, equivalent to signal-to-noise ratios of +12, +16, and +20 dB, respectively). Using multiple regression analysis, we examined the relationship between acoustic startle responses and BACS-J primary measures or composite score. Level of attention was associated with magnitude of habituation in schizophrenia (P = 0.0009, β = -0.357). None of the other domains of cognitive function were significantly associated with any measure of acoustic startle response. This included attention regarding ASR (P = 0.513), PPI (P = 0.521-0.842), verbal memory (P = 0.423-0.981), working memory (P = 0.312-0.966), motor speed (P = 0.323-0.955), verbal fluency (P = 0.125-0.920), executive function (P = 0.118-0.470), and the BACS-J composite score (P = 0.230-0.912). In this first investigation of the relationship between cognitive functions and acoustic startle responses in Japanese patients with schizophrenia, attentional deficits correlated highly with the level of habituation. However, a replication study using other population samples is required to further investigate this relationship.
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U2 - 10.1007/s12017-012-8177-y
DO - 10.1007/s12017-012-8177-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 22454047
AN - SCOPUS:84861196264
VL - 14
SP - 131
EP - 138
JO - NeuroMolecular Medicine
JF - NeuroMolecular Medicine
SN - 1535-1084
IS - 2
ER -