TY - JOUR
T1 - The use of induced pluripotent stem cells to reveal pathogenic gene mutations and explore treatments for retinitis pigmentosa
AU - Yoshida, Tetsu
AU - Ozawa, Yoko
AU - Suzuki, Keiichiro
AU - Yuki, Kenya
AU - Ohyama, Manabu
AU - Akamatsu, Wado
AU - Matsuzaki, Yumi
AU - Shimmura, Shigeto
AU - Mitani, Kohnosuke
AU - Tsubota, Kazuo
AU - Okano, Hideyuki
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful to Dr. Shinya Yamanaka (Kyoto University) for the 201B7 iPSCs and Dr. Yohei Okada for technical guidance and supervision. We would like to thank Dr. Yoichi Imaizumi, Dr. Tetsuro Kobayashi, Ms. Yuka Hirabayashi, Mr. Sadafumi Suzuki, and Ms. Haruna Koizumi-Mabuchi for their technical assistance. This work was supported by the Project for the Realization of Regenerative Medicine and Support for the Core Institute for iPS Cell Research from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) to HO, a Grant-in-aid from the Global COE Program at Keio University, JSPS KAKENHI to YO (24592647) and TY (23592616), and a Grant-in-aid from the Keio Gijuku Fukuzawa Memorial Fund for the Advancement of Education and Research to YO.
PY - 2014/6/16
Y1 - 2014/6/16
N2 - Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited human retinal disorder that causes progressive photoreceptor cell loss, leading to severe vision impairment or blindness. However, no effective therapy has been established to date. Although genetic mutations have been identified, the available clinical data are not always sufficient to elucidate the roles of these mutations in disease pathogenesis, a situation that is partially due to differences in genetic backgrounds. Results: We generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from an RP patient carrying a rhodopsin mutation (E181K). Using helper-dependent adenoviral vector (HDAdV) gene transfer, the mutation was corrected in the patient's iPSCs and also introduced into control iPSCs. The cells were then subjected to retinal differentiation; the resulting rod photoreceptor cells were labeled with an Nrl promoter-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-carrying adenovirus and purified using flow cytometry after 5 weeks of culture. Using this approach, we found a reduced survival rate in the photoreceptor cells with the E181K mutation, which was correlated with the increased expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptotic markers. The screening of therapeutic reagents showed that rapamycin, PP242, AICAR, NQDI-1, and salubrinal promoted the survival of the patient's iPSC-derived photoreceptor cells, with a concomitant reduction in markers of ER stress and apoptosis. Additionally, autophagy markers were found to be correlated with ER stress, suggesting that autophagy was reduced by suppressing ER stress-induced apoptotic changes. Conclusion: The use of RP patient-derived iPSCs combined with genome editing provided a versatile cellular system with which to define the roles of genetic mutations in isogenic iPSCs with or without mutation and also provided a system that can be used to explore candidate therapeutic approaches.
AB - Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited human retinal disorder that causes progressive photoreceptor cell loss, leading to severe vision impairment or blindness. However, no effective therapy has been established to date. Although genetic mutations have been identified, the available clinical data are not always sufficient to elucidate the roles of these mutations in disease pathogenesis, a situation that is partially due to differences in genetic backgrounds. Results: We generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from an RP patient carrying a rhodopsin mutation (E181K). Using helper-dependent adenoviral vector (HDAdV) gene transfer, the mutation was corrected in the patient's iPSCs and also introduced into control iPSCs. The cells were then subjected to retinal differentiation; the resulting rod photoreceptor cells were labeled with an Nrl promoter-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-carrying adenovirus and purified using flow cytometry after 5 weeks of culture. Using this approach, we found a reduced survival rate in the photoreceptor cells with the E181K mutation, which was correlated with the increased expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptotic markers. The screening of therapeutic reagents showed that rapamycin, PP242, AICAR, NQDI-1, and salubrinal promoted the survival of the patient's iPSC-derived photoreceptor cells, with a concomitant reduction in markers of ER stress and apoptosis. Additionally, autophagy markers were found to be correlated with ER stress, suggesting that autophagy was reduced by suppressing ER stress-induced apoptotic changes. Conclusion: The use of RP patient-derived iPSCs combined with genome editing provided a versatile cellular system with which to define the roles of genetic mutations in isogenic iPSCs with or without mutation and also provided a system that can be used to explore candidate therapeutic approaches.
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U2 - 10.1186/1756-6606-7-45
DO - 10.1186/1756-6606-7-45
M3 - Article
C2 - 24935155
AN - SCOPUS:84902476568
SN - 1756-6606
VL - 7
JO - Molecular brain
JF - Molecular brain
IS - 1
M1 - 45
ER -
