抄録
Following the bite of an infective mosquito, malaria parasites first invade the liver where they develop and replicate for a number of days before being released into the bloodstream where they invade red blood cells and cause disease. The biology of the liver stages of malaria parasites is relatively poorly understood due to the inaccessibility of the parasites to sampling during this phase of their life cycle. Here we report the detection in blood and faecal samples of malaria parasite DNA throughout their development in the livers of mice and before the parasites begin their growth in the blood circulation. It is shown that parasite DNA derived from pre-erythrocytic stage parasites reaches the faeces via the bile. We then show that different primate malaria species can be detected by PCR in blood and faecal samples from naturally infected captive macaque monkeys. These results demonstrate that pre-erythrocytic parasites can be detected and quantified in experimentally infected animals. Furthermore, these results have important implications for both molecular epidemiology and phylogenetics of malaria parasites. In the former case, individuals who are malaria parasite negative by microscopy, but PCR positive for parasite DNA in their blood, are considered to be "sub-microscopic" blood stage parasite carriers. We now propose that PCR positivity is not necessarily an indicator of the presence of blood stage parasites, as the DNA could derive from pre-erythrocytic parasites. Similarly, in the case of molecular phylogenetics based on DNA sequences alone, we argue that DNA amplified from blood or faeces does not necessarily come from a parasite species that infects the red blood cells of that particular host.
| 元の言語 | English |
|---|---|
| ページ（範囲） | 467-473 |
| ページ数 | 7 |
| ジャーナル | International Journal for Parasitology |
| 巻 | 44 |
| 発行部数 | 7 |
| DOI | |
| 出版物ステータス | Published - 01-01-2014 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Parasitology
- Infectious Diseases
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DNA from pre-erythrocytic stage malaria parasites is detectable by PCR in the faeces and blood of hosts. / Abkallo, Hussein M.; Liu, Weimin; Hokama, Sarina; Ferreira, Pedro E.; Nakazawa, Shusuke; Maeno, Yoshimasa; Quang, Nguyen T.; Kobayashi, Nobuyuki; Kaneko, Osamu; Huffman, Michael A.; Kawai, Satoru; Marchand, Ron P.; Carter, Richard; Hahn, Beatrice H.; Culleton, Richard.
：: International Journal for Parasitology, 巻 44, 番号 7, 01.01.2014, p. 467-473.研究成果: Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - DNA from pre-erythrocytic stage malaria parasites is detectable by PCR in the faeces and blood of hosts
AU - Abkallo, Hussein M.
AU - Liu, Weimin
AU - Hokama, Sarina
AU - Ferreira, Pedro E.
AU - Nakazawa, Shusuke
AU - Maeno, Yoshimasa
AU - Quang, Nguyen T.
AU - Kobayashi, Nobuyuki
AU - Kaneko, Osamu
AU - Huffman, Michael A.
AU - Kawai, Satoru
AU - Marchand, Ron P.
AU - Carter, Richard
AU - Hahn, Beatrice H.
AU - Culleton, Richard
PY - 2014/1/1
Y1 - 2014/1/1
N2 - Following the bite of an infective mosquito, malaria parasites first invade the liver where they develop and replicate for a number of days before being released into the bloodstream where they invade red blood cells and cause disease. The biology of the liver stages of malaria parasites is relatively poorly understood due to the inaccessibility of the parasites to sampling during this phase of their life cycle. Here we report the detection in blood and faecal samples of malaria parasite DNA throughout their development in the livers of mice and before the parasites begin their growth in the blood circulation. It is shown that parasite DNA derived from pre-erythrocytic stage parasites reaches the faeces via the bile. We then show that different primate malaria species can be detected by PCR in blood and faecal samples from naturally infected captive macaque monkeys. These results demonstrate that pre-erythrocytic parasites can be detected and quantified in experimentally infected animals. Furthermore, these results have important implications for both molecular epidemiology and phylogenetics of malaria parasites. In the former case, individuals who are malaria parasite negative by microscopy, but PCR positive for parasite DNA in their blood, are considered to be "sub-microscopic" blood stage parasite carriers. We now propose that PCR positivity is not necessarily an indicator of the presence of blood stage parasites, as the DNA could derive from pre-erythrocytic parasites. Similarly, in the case of molecular phylogenetics based on DNA sequences alone, we argue that DNA amplified from blood or faeces does not necessarily come from a parasite species that infects the red blood cells of that particular host.
AB - Following the bite of an infective mosquito, malaria parasites first invade the liver where they develop and replicate for a number of days before being released into the bloodstream where they invade red blood cells and cause disease. The biology of the liver stages of malaria parasites is relatively poorly understood due to the inaccessibility of the parasites to sampling during this phase of their life cycle. Here we report the detection in blood and faecal samples of malaria parasite DNA throughout their development in the livers of mice and before the parasites begin their growth in the blood circulation. It is shown that parasite DNA derived from pre-erythrocytic stage parasites reaches the faeces via the bile. We then show that different primate malaria species can be detected by PCR in blood and faecal samples from naturally infected captive macaque monkeys. These results demonstrate that pre-erythrocytic parasites can be detected and quantified in experimentally infected animals. Furthermore, these results have important implications for both molecular epidemiology and phylogenetics of malaria parasites. In the former case, individuals who are malaria parasite negative by microscopy, but PCR positive for parasite DNA in their blood, are considered to be "sub-microscopic" blood stage parasite carriers. We now propose that PCR positivity is not necessarily an indicator of the presence of blood stage parasites, as the DNA could derive from pre-erythrocytic parasites. Similarly, in the case of molecular phylogenetics based on DNA sequences alone, we argue that DNA amplified from blood or faeces does not necessarily come from a parasite species that infects the red blood cells of that particular host.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84902130251&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84902130251&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.03.002
DO - 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.03.002
M3 - Article
VL - 44
SP - 467
EP - 473
JO - International Journal for Parasitology
JF - International Journal for Parasitology
SN - 0020-7519
IS - 7
ER -