TY - JOUR
T1 - Forelimb movements evoked by optogenetic stimulation of the macaque motor cortex
AU - Watanabe, Hidenori
AU - Sano, Hiromi
AU - Chiken, Satomi
AU - Kobayashi, Kenta
AU - Fukata, Yuko
AU - Fukata, Masaki
AU - Mushiake, Hajime
AU - Nambu, Atsushi
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank S. Sato, H. Isogai, N. Suzuki, K. Awamura, K. Miyamoto, T. Sugiyama, R. Kageyama, M. Takahashi, Y. Kajita, and the Equipment Development Center (Institute for Molecular Science) for technical support, and Y. Yamagata for her critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by MEXT KAKENHI (“Non-linear Neuro-oscillology”, 15H05873 to A.N. and 15H05879 to H.M., and “Adaptive Circuit Shift”, 17H05590 to H.S.), JSPS KAKENHI (15K01854 to H.W., 16K01968 to H.S., 16K07014 to S.C., 26290001 to H.M., and 26250009 and 19KK0193 to A.N.), JST CREST (JPMJCR1853 to S.C.), AMED (JP19dm0307005 and JP19dm0207050 to A.N.), and Takeda Science Foundation (to A.N). Five Japanese monkeys used in the present study were provided through National Bio-Resource Project (NBRP) “Japanese Monkeys” of AMED.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).
PY - 2020/12/1
Y1 - 2020/12/1
N2 - Optogenetics has become an indispensable tool for investigating brain functions. Although non-human primates are particularly useful models for understanding the functions and dysfunctions of the human brain, application of optogenetics to non-human primates is still limited. In the present study, we generate an effective adeno-associated viral vector serotype DJ to express channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) under the control of a strong ubiquitous CAG promoter and inject into the somatotopically identified forelimb region of the primary motor cortex in macaque monkeys. ChR2 is strongly expressed around the injection sites, and optogenetic intracortical microstimulation (oICMS) through a homemade optrode induces prominent cortical activity: Even single-pulse, short-duration oICMS evokes long-lasting repetitive firings of cortical neurons. In addition, oICMS elicits distinct forelimb movements and muscle activity, which are comparable to those elicited by conventional electrical ICMS. The present study removes obstacles to optogenetic manipulation of neuronal activity and behaviors in non-human primates.
AB - Optogenetics has become an indispensable tool for investigating brain functions. Although non-human primates are particularly useful models for understanding the functions and dysfunctions of the human brain, application of optogenetics to non-human primates is still limited. In the present study, we generate an effective adeno-associated viral vector serotype DJ to express channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) under the control of a strong ubiquitous CAG promoter and inject into the somatotopically identified forelimb region of the primary motor cortex in macaque monkeys. ChR2 is strongly expressed around the injection sites, and optogenetic intracortical microstimulation (oICMS) through a homemade optrode induces prominent cortical activity: Even single-pulse, short-duration oICMS evokes long-lasting repetitive firings of cortical neurons. In addition, oICMS elicits distinct forelimb movements and muscle activity, which are comparable to those elicited by conventional electrical ICMS. The present study removes obstacles to optogenetic manipulation of neuronal activity and behaviors in non-human primates.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41467-020-16883-5
DO - 10.1038/s41467-020-16883-5
M3 - Article
C2 - 32591505
AN - SCOPUS:85086867692
VL - 11
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
SN - 2041-1723
IS - 1
M1 - 3253
ER -