Growth hormone-releaser diet attenuates β-amyloid(1-42)-induced cognitive impairment via stimulation of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 receptor in mice

We previously demonstrated that the growth hormone (GH)-releaser diet ameliorated β-amyloid (Aβ) (1-42)-induced memory impairment, but the underlying mechanism remained to be characterized. We show here that the GH-releaser diet significantly attenuated Aβ(1-42)-induced impairment in context-dependent conditioned fear, with a reduction in GH levels and changes in hippocampal acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase, choline acetyltransferase, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, and IGF-1-receptor activity in mice. JB-1, an IGF-1-receptor antagonist, significantly blocked GH-releaser diet-mediated pharmacological actions. Our results suggest that the GH-releaser diet prevents Aβ(1-42)-induced cognitive deficits via stimulation of the hippocampal IGF-1 receptor.