Prognostic value of left atrial volume index in patents with first acute myocardial infarction

Aims: We evaluated the usefulness of left atrial volume index (LAVI) and the degree of changes in LAVI (delta LAVI) during hospitalization for the prediction of prognosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Methods and results: We investigated 205 consecutive patients with first AMI. They underwent echocardiography on admission as well as at discharge. Delta LAVI was calculated by subtracting the value on admission from that at discharge. The primary endpoints were major cardiac events (MACE): cardiac death due to heart failure and heart failure hospitalization. During a mean follow-up of 26 months, MACE occurred in 29 patients. Patients were divided into two groups according to the optimal cut-off values of LAVI (32.0 mL/m²) at discharge and delta LAVI (2.5 mL/m²) derived from receiver operating characteristic curves, respectively; Group I: LAVI ≤ 32.0 mL/m², Group II: LAVI > 32.0 mL/m² and Group A: delta LAVI ≤ 2.5 mL/m², Group B: delta LAVI > 2.5 mL/m². In comparisons of two groups, respectively, the incidence of MACE between the groups showed significant differences [Group I (3.8%) vs. Group II (32.0%): P < 0.001, log-rank, Group A (7.4%) vs. Group B (20.0%): P = 0.0079, log-rank]. In multivariate analysis, LAVI at discharge [risk ratio (RR): 1.077, 95% CI: 1.035-1.124, P = 0.0002] and delta LAVI (RR: 1.056, 95% CI: 1.012-1.108, P = 0.0109) were significant. LAVI > 32.0 mL/m² at discharge (sensitivity: 93%, specificity: 69%) and delta LAVI > 2.5 mL/m² (sensitivity: 79%, specificity: 50%) were predictors of MACE. Conclusion: LAVI at discharge and delta LAVI would be useful predictors for MACE after first AMI.