Stress Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Interpretation from the Viewpoint of Fractional Flow Reserve

Background: Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and fractional flow reserve (FFR) are established approaches to the assessment of myocardial ischemia. Recently, various FFR cutoff values were proposed, but the diagnostic accuracy of MPI in identifying positive FFR using various cutoff values is not well established. Methods and Results: We retrospectively studied 273 patients who underwent stress MPI and FFR within a 3-month period. Results for FFR were obtained from 218 left anterior descending artery (LAD) lesions and 207 non-LAD lesions. Stress MPI and FFR demonstrated a good correlation in the detection of myocardial ischemia. However, the positive predictive value (PPV) of FFR for detecting MPI-positive lesions at the optimal FFR thresholds was insufficient (44% for LAD and 65% for non-LAD lesions). This was caused by a sharp drop in PPV at an FFR threshold of 0.7 or more. Notably, 41% of the lesions with normal MPI demonstrated FFRs <0.80. However, MPI-negative lesions had an extremely low lesion rate with FFR <0.65 (6%). Conversely, 78% and 41% of MPI-positive lesions had FFR <0.80 and <0.65, respectively. Conclusions: The data confirmed that decisions based on MPI are reasonable because MPI-negative patients have an extremely low rate of lesions with a FFR below the cutoff point for a hard event, and MPI-positive lesions include many lesions with FFR <0.65.