The effects of clonidine and dexmedetomidine on human neutrophil functions

Kahoru Nishina, Hirohiko Akamatsu, Katsuya Mikawa, Makoto Shiga, Nobuhiro Maekawa, Hidefumi Obara, Yukie Niwa

研究成果: ジャーナルへの寄稿学術論文査読

73 被引用数 (Scopus)

抄録

Neutrophil functions are inhibited by various anesthetics. Clonidine and dexmedetomidine, α2-agonists, are often used as adjuncts to anesthesia. Thus, we conducted the current study to determine the effect of clonidine, dexmedetomidine, and xylazine at clinically (or veterinary anesthetically) relevant concentrations (and 10 and 100 times these concentrations) on several aspects of human neutrophil functions using an in vitro system. The three α2-agonists had no effects on chemotaxis, phagocytosis, or superoxide anion (O2-) production of neutrophils, except that the highest concentration of clonidine inhibited chemotaxis. Increases in intracellular calcium concentrations in neutrophils stimulated by chemotaxin were not influenced by clonidine, dexmedetomidine, or xylazine. Unchanged calcium concentrations may contribute to failure to modulate the neutrophil functions. In addition, these drugs did not scavenge O2- generated by the cell-free (xanthine-xanthine oxidase) system. This is the first report concerning the effect of clonidine or dexmedetomidine on human neutrophil functions. Our findings suggest that we may not have to take extra precautions in using the α2-agonists in patients with infection, but that we cannot expect these drugs to be prophylaxis against autotissue injuries whose pathogenesis includes activation of neutrophils. Implications: Neutrophils are involved in the antibacterial host defense system and autotissue injury. We found that clinically relevant concentrations of donidine and dexmedetomidine do not affect chemotaxis, phagocytosis, or superoxide production by human neutrophils. These findings indicate that it may not be necessary to take special care in using α2-agonists in patients with infection, sepsis, or systemic inflammation.

本文言語英語
ページ(範囲)452-458
ページ数7
ジャーナルAnesthesia and Analgesia
88
2
DOI
出版ステータス出版済み - 02-1999
外部発表はい

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • 麻酔学および疼痛医療

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